These observations derive from preclinical and in vitro research and characterize the compounds studied biochemistry rather than any therapeutic effect
Oral GLP-1 medicines can cause similar side effects to injectable GLP-1 treatments
These are health conditions that are caused or made worse by excess weight
Jacqueline Maya, M.D., from Massachusetts General Hospital-Mass General Brigham in Boston, and colleagues conducted a retrospective cohort study of 149,790 singleton pregnancies delivered between June 1, 2016, and March 31, 2025, to compare weight gain and pregnancy outcomes with and without exposure to GLP-1 RAs before or during early pregnancy
You YH, Quach T, Saito R, Pham J, Sharma K (2016) Metabolomics reveals a key role for fumarate in mediating the effects of NADPH oxidase 4 in diabetic kidney disease